Outbreak investigation

จุดประสงค์หลัก เพื่อควบคุมโรค

วัตถุประสงค์การสอบสวนโรค

ชนิดของการสอบสวน


Excess of normal expectancy

 Epidemic

= Outbreak : Outbreak ( sense of emergency)

= Epidemic → a sense of wide spreading


Cluster

= An aggregation of cases in a given place & time


Pandemic

= The epidemic that spreads over many countries or regions of the world (≥ 2 ทวีป)


Endemic

= A disease that normally occurs in an area

Index case

- The 1st case brought to the attention

- The index case is not always the primary case


Primary case

= The 1st case in the population (or family)

Secondary case

= those persons who became infected from contact with the primary case


Outlier

observation differing so widely from the rest of the data
(กลุ่มที่จำกลุ่มไม่ได้)

Type of Outbreak

Point source

ตัวอย่าง

Intermittent common source

Continuous common source

Propagated source

Mixed source

Specific Characteristics of Outbreak Investigation

Steps of an outbreak investigation


2. Describe the outbreak


3. Hypothesis & Testing

Analytic studies to test hypotheses

1. Retrospective cohort study

ตัวอย่าง

2. case-control study

Laboratory results can help confirm the etiology

• Environmental studies help explain the disease spreading or occur

• Complimented to other findings

4. Response & Action (มาตรการควบคุมและป้องกันโรค)